| Risk Management |
Solid chemical – no dual containment required |
Dual containment required for concentrated liquid solution |
Salt Handling |
Tablet odor is strong and pungent |
Major gas leak concerns |
Spill and leak concerns |
Spill and leak concerns |
| Handling and convenience |
Easy to add tablets in 55-lb pails; only one person needed |
Cumbersom to handle and maneuver; 55-gallon drums weigh 555 pounds |
Large quantities of salt required |
Package sizes range from 7-lb to 100-lb pails |
Hard to maneuver cylinders require 2 people, special handling and training are needed |
500-lb drums or totes are hard to maneuver; require large storage space and possible containment pad |
Multiple precursor chemicals need to be purchased for CIO2 generation; large space required for generation equipment and chemical storage |
| Equipment and maintenance |
Chlorinators typically require cleaning and maintenance once per year. |
Feed pumps need constant repair and tubing leaks regularly. Gas locking of pump is not uncommon. |
Must replace costly cells every two to four years |
Low maintenance |
Eductors, regulators have small orifices that are prone to plugging |
Troublesome metering pumps required |
High capital and maintenance costs associated with complex generation equipment |
| Chlorine strength |
Consistent strength allows for reliable control; minimal strength degradation when stored properly |
Unstable liquid is difficult to control; rapid strength degradation especially in hot weather |
Must maintain ~ 3,000–9,000 ppm salt concentration in the pool; salt is converted to chlorine as it passes through the cells |
90% available chlorine; frequent monitoring of pH and calcium needed to maintain proper water balance |
Consistently 100% chlorine |
Loss of strength makes control difficult |
Delicate balance between precursor chemicals needed for efficient generation |
| Material compatibility |
Relatively dilute 100-300 ppm hypochlorite solution; more neutral pH (~10.5), less corrosive |
Concentrated (120,000 ppm) hypochlorite solution, high pH (~13.0) is very corrosive |
Stray voltage from generator cells can cause corrosion |
Low pH (~2.9) is highly corrosive; reduces life of equipment and surfaces |
Low pH (~3.0), very corrosive |
Low pH (~2.8), very corrosive |
Low pH (2.8 - 3.5), very corrosive |